1. Project management involves the planning, monitoring, and control of the people, process, and events that occur as software evolves from a preliminary concept to an operational implementation.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
2. Which of the following is not an effective software project management focus?
a) people
b) product
c) popularity
d) process
Answer: c
Explanation: Effective software project management focuses on the four P’s: people, product, process, and project.
3. PM-CMM stands for
a) people management capability maturity model
b) process management capability maturity model
c) product management capability maturity model
d) project management capability maturity model
Answer: a
Explanation: The people management maturity model defines the following key practice areas for software people: recruiting, selection, performance management, training, compensation, career development, organization and work design, and team/culture development.
4. Which of the following is not a project manager’s activity?
a) project control
b) project management
c) project planning
d) project design
Answer: d
Explanation: The design part of any project management is done by the project team.
5. A software ________ provides the framework from which a comprehensive plan for software development can be established.
a) people
b) product
c) process
d) none of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: A small number of framework activities are applicable to all software projects, regardless of their size or complexity.
6. Who defines the business issues that often have significant influence on the project?
a) Practitioners
b) Project managers
c) Senior managers
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
7. Who delivers the technical skills that are necessary to engineer a product or an application?
a) Practitioners
b) Project managers
c) Senior managers
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
8. Which of the following paradigm attempts to structure a team in a manner that achieves some of the controls associated with the closed paradigm but also much of the innovation that occurs when using the random paradigm?
a) asynchronous paradigm
b) open paradigm
c) closed paradigm
d) synchronous paradigm
Answer: b
Explanation: Open paradigm team structures are well suited to the solution of complex problems but may not perform as efficiently as other teams.
9. Which of the following is a people-intensive activity?
a) Problem solving
b) Organization
c) Motivation
d) Project management
Answer: d
Explanation: For this reason, competent practitioners often make poor team leaders.
10. Which paradigm structures a team loosely and depends on individual initiative of the team members?
a) random paradigm
b) open paradigm
c) closed paradigm
d) synchronous paradigm
Answer: d
11. The terms measure, measurement, and metric all share the same definition according to the IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terms.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
12. Which of these are valid reasons for measuring software processes, products, and resources?
a. to characterize them
b. to evaluate them
c. to price them
d. to improve them
e. a, b, d
Answer: E. a, b, d
13. Process indicators enable a software project manager to
a. assess the status of an on-going project
b. track potential risks
c. adjust work flow or tasks
d. none of the above
Answer: D. none of the above
14. Public metrics are used
a. to evaluate the performance of software development teams.
b. to appraise the performance of individual team members.
c. to make strategic changes to the software process.
d. to make tactical changes during a software project.
e. c and d
Answer: E. c and d
15. Which of the following items are not measured by software project metrics?
a. inputs
b. markets
c. outputs
d. results
Answer: B. markets
16. Software quality and functionality must be measured indirectly.
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
17. Which of following are advantages of using LOC (lines of code) as a size-oriented metric?
a. LOC is easily computed.
b. LOC is a language dependent measure.
c. LOC is a language independent measure.
d. LOC can be computed before a design is completed.
Answer: A. LOC is easily computed.
18. Which of the following are advantages of using function points (FP) as a measure of the functionality delivered by a software application?
a. FP is easily computed
b. FP is a language dependent measure.
c. FP is a language independent measure
d. FP can be computed before a design is completed
e. c and d
Answer: E. c and d
19. There is no need to reconcile LOC and FP measures since each in meaningful in its own right as a project measure.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
20. Object-Oriented project measures may be combined with historical project data to provide metrics that aid in project estimation
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
21. Use-Case oriented metrics are computed directly from UML diagrams they are often used as normalization measures.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
22. Which of the following is not a measure that can be collected from a Web application project?
a. Customization index
b. Number of dynamic objects
c. Number of internal page links
d. Number of static web pages
Answer: A. Customization index
23. Which of the following software quality factors is most likely to be affected by radical changes to computing architectures?
a. operation
b. transition
c. revision
d. none of the above
Answer: D. none of the above
24. Which of the following provide useful measures of software quality?
a. correctness, performance, integrity, usability
b. reliability, maintainability, integrity, sales
c. correctness, maintainability, size, satisfaction
d. correctness, maintainability, integrity, usability
Answer: D. correctness, maintainability, integrity, usability
25. A software quality metric that can be used at both the process and project levels is defect removal efficiency (DRE).
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
26. Why is it important to measure the process of software engineering and software it produces?
a. It is really not necessary unless the project is extremely complex.
b. To determine costs and allow a profit margin to be set.
c. To determine whether a software group is improving or not.
d. To make software engineering more like other engineering processes
Answer: C. To determine whether a software group is improving or not.
27. To be an effective aid in process improvement the baseline data used must be:
a. based on reasonable guestimates from past projects
b. measured consistently across projects
c. drawn from similar projects
d. based on all previously completed projects
e. b and c
Answer:E. b and c
28. Baseline data must be collected in an on-going manner and cannot be computed by formal study of historical project data
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
29. Small software organizations are not likely to see any economic return from establishing software metrics program
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
30. The software metrics chosen by an organization are driven by the business or technical goals an organization wishes to accomplish.
a. True
b. False
Answer:A. True
31. Which of the following is not an approach to software cost estimation?
a) Empirical
b) Heuristic
c) Analytical
d) Critical
Answer: d
Explanation: Critical is no such standard approach of cost estimation.
32. The only reason an estimate may be unreliable is lack of experience with the application on the part of the estimator.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
33. The hardware required for most computer-based systems is more costly to purchase than the software.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
34. Since project estimates are not completely reliable, they can be ignored once a software development project begins
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
35. The objective of software project planing is to
a. convince the customer that a project is feasible.
b. make use of historical project data.
c. enable a manager to make reasonable estimates of cost and schedule
d. determine the probable profit margin prior to bidding on a project.
Answer: C. enable a manager to make reasonable estimates of cost and schedule
36. The project scope is defined as a means of bounding the system
a. functionality
b. performance
c. costs
d. schedule
e. a and b
Answer: E. a and b
37. Software feasibility is based on which of the following
a. business and marketing concerns
b. scope, constraints, market
c. technology, finance, time, resources
d. technical prowess of the developers
Answer: C. technology, finance, time, resources
38. The number of people required for a software project is determined
a. after an estimate of the development effort is made.
b. by the size of the project budget.
c. from an assessment of the technical complexity of the system.
d. all of the above
Answer: A. after an estimate of the development effort is made.
39. Reusable software components must be
a. catalogued for easy reference
b. standardized for easy application.
c. validated for easy integration.
d. all of the above
Answer: D. all of the above
40. The software engineering environment (SEE) consists of which of the following?
a. customers
b. developers
c. hardware platforms
d. software tools
e. c and d
Answer: E. c and d
41. Software project estimation techniques can be broadly classified under which of the following headings?
a. automated processes
b. decomposition techniques
c. empirical models
d. regression models
e. b and c
Answer: E. b and c
42. The size estimate for a software product to be built must be based on a direct measure like LOC.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
43. Problem-based estimation is based on problem decomposition which focuses on
a. information domain values
b. project schedule
c. software functions
d. process activities
e. a and c
Answer: E. a and c
44. LOC-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on
a. information domain values
b. project schedule
c. software functions
d. process activities
Answer: C. software functions
45. FP-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on
a. information domain values
b. project schedule
c. software functions
d. process activities
Answer: A. information domain values
46. Process-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on
a. information domain values
b. project schedule
c. software functions
d. process activities
e. c and d
Answer: E. c and d
47. Unlike a LOC or function point each person’s “use-case” is exactly the same size
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
48. When agreement between estimates is poor the cause may often be traced to inadequately defined project scope or inappropriate productivity data.
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
49. Empirical estimation models are typically based on
a. expert judgement based on past project experiences
b. refinement of expected value estimation
c. regression models derived from historical project data
d. trial and error determination of the parameters and coefficients
Answer: C. regression models derived from historical project data
50. COCOMO II is an example of a suite of modern empirical estimation models that require sizing information expressed as:
a. function points
b. lines of code
c. object points
d. any of the above
Answer: D. any of the above
51. Putnam’s software equation is a dynamic empirical model that has two independent parameters: a size estimate and an indication of project duration in calendar months or years.
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
52. Function points are of no user in developing estimates for object-oriented software.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
53. In agile software development estimation techniques focus on the time required to complete each
a. increment
b. scenario
c. task
d. use-case
Answer: A. increment
54. It is possible to use a modified function point technique to develop estimates for Web applications.
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
55. Using a statistical technique like decision tree analysis can provide some assistance in sorting out the true costs associated with the make-buy decision.
a. True
b. False
Answer: A. True
56. Outsourcing always provides a simple means of acquiring software at lower cost than onsite development of the same product.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B. False
57. Which of the following uses empirically derived formulas to predict effort as a function of LOC or FP?
a) FP-Based Estimation
b) Process-Based Estimation
c) COCOMO
d) Both FP-Based Estimation and COCOMO
Answer: d
Explanation: Function points and COCOMO are used to evaluate effort.
58. The empirical data that support most estimation models are derived from a vast sample of projects.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Explanation: The Empirical data is derived from a limited sample of projects. For this reason, no estimation model is appropriate for all classes of software and in all development environments.
59. COCOMO stands for
a) Constructive cost model
b) Comprehensive cost model
c) Constructive cost estimation model
d) Complete cost estimation model
Answer: a
60. Which version of COCOMO states that once requirements have been stabilized, the basic software architecture has been established?
a) Early design stage model
b) Post-architecture-stage model
c) Application composition model
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: a
61. Which model was used during the early stages of software engineering, when prototyping of user interfaces, consideration of software and system interaction, assessment of performance, and evaluation of technology maturity were paramount.
a) Early design stage model
b) Post-architecture-stage model
c) Application composition model
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: c
62. Which one is not a size measure for software product?
a) LOC
b) Halstead’s program length
c) Function Count
d) Cyclomatic Complexity
Answer: d
Explanation: It is the part of white box testing.
63.COCOMO was developed initially by
a) B.Beizer
b) Rajiv Gupta
c) B.W.Bohem
d) Gregg Rothermal
Answer: c
Explanation: Barry Boehm introduced a hierarchy of software estimation models bearing the name COCOMO, for COnstructive COst MOdel.
64. Estimation of size for a project is dependent on
a) Cost
b) Time
c) Schedule
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: Estimation depends on factors such as Function points and LOC.
65. COCOMO-II was developed at
a) University of Texas
b) University of Southern California
c) MIT
d) IIT-Kanpur
Answer: b
66. Which one is not a stage of COCOMO-II?
a) Early design estimation model
b) Application Composition estimation model
c) Comprehensive cost estimation model
d) Post architecture estimation model
Answer: a
Explanation: It was a part of COCOMO.
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