transparency and shadows.

A transparent surface produces both reflected and transmitted light.

2. The relative contribution of the transmitted light depends on the degree

of transparency of the surface.

3. When a transparent surface is to be modeled, the intensity equations

must be modified to include contributions from light passing through

the surface.

4. Both diffuse and specular transmission can take place at the surfaces of

a transparent object.

5. Realistic transparency effects are modeled by considering light refraction.

6. When light is incident upon a transparent surface, it is reflected and

refracted, because the speed of light is different in different mediums so

it changes the direction as shown in Fig. 5.14.1.

where,

Refraction direction = T

Reflection direction = R

Angle of refraction = θr

Angle of incidence θi = angle of reflection

Distance travelled by light in transparent medium = d

Index of refraction of the refracting material = ηr